Search results for "Negative symptom"

Primary enduring negative symptoms in schizophrenia and major depression.

1995

Abstract Primary enduring negative symptoms (PENS) were studied in 26 patients with DSM-III-R schizophrenia and in 94 patients with unipolar major depressive episodes 5 years after the index episode. PENS were assessed with the Schedule for Deficit Syndrome (SDS). Negative symptoms were also assessed with the Scale for Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS) and subclassified into primary and secondary according to the SDS. The frequency of PENS did not differ significantly between schizophrenics and non-schizophrenic patients. Enduring negative symptoms (regardless of whether primary or not) were more frequently observed in schizophrenia (65% according to the SDS, and 88% according to the S…

Roxindole, a dopamine autoreceptor agonist, in the treatment of positive and negative schizophrenic symptoms

1994

Twenty schizophrenic inpatients with either predominantly positive or predominantly negative symptoms were treated with the dopamine autoreceptor agonist roxindole in prospective open clinical trials. There was no antipsychotic effect in the subgroup with positive symptoms, whereas the subgroup with negative symptoms, especially those with the residual type of schizophrenia, showed a moderate but significant 20% reduction in total scores on the Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms.

Differential effects of high-dose amisulpride versus flupentixol on latent dimensions of depressive and negative symptomatology in acute schizophreni…

2002

While many acutely ill schizophrenic patients suffer from depressive symptoms, most studies on the efficacy of antipsychotic drugs focus on positive and negative symptoms. Dimensional models of schizophrenic symptoms, based on confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) using structural equation modelling, offer a methodological alternative to compare antipsychotics on empirically justified latent factors. The present report is a refined analysis of a published double-blind study on the D 2 /D 3 -selective antagonist amisulpride (ASP) versus the mixed D 1-5 /5-HT 2 antagonist flupentixol (FPX). CFA was applied to Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale, Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms, Bech-Raf…

The relationship of symptom dimensions with premorbid adjustment and cognitive characteristics at first episode psychosis: Findings from the EU-GEI s…

2021

Premorbid functioning and cognitive measures may reflect gradients of developmental impairment across diagnostic categories in psychosis. In this study, we sought to examine the associations of current cognition and premorbid adjustment with symptom dimensions in a large first episode psychosis (FEP) sample. We used data from the international EU-GEI study. Bifactor modelling of the Operational Criteria in Studies of Psychotic Illness (OPCRIT) ratings provided general and specific symptom dimension scores. Premorbid Adjustment Scale estimated premorbid social (PSF) and academic adjustment (PAF), and WAIS-brief version measured IQ. A MANCOVA model examined the relationship between symptom di…

Relationship of Psychiatric Experience and Interrater Reliability in Assessment of Negative Symptoms

1999

Positive/negative symptomatology and experimental measures of attention in schizophrenic patients.

1993

In a search for an external validation of the negative syndrome construct and the attentional impairment item on Andreasen's scale, 49 unmedicated schizophrenic patients were administered the Span of Apprehension Test and a Continuous Performance Test with two levels of difficulty. This schizophrenic sample performed significantly more poorly on the attentional tests than a comparable group of 27 healthy control subjects. Depending on the difficulty of the test we found a number of significant correlations between the SANS composite score and the pertaining attentional impairment item on the one hand and experimental indices of attentional functioning on the other hand, which might corrobor…

Evidence, and replication thereof, that molecular-genetic and environmental risks for psychosis impact through an affective pathway

2022

AbstractBackgroundThere is evidence that environmental and genetic risk factors for schizophrenia spectrum disorders are transdiagnostic and mediated in part through a generic pathway of affective dysregulation.MethodsWe analysed to what degree the impact of schizophrenia polygenic risk (PRS-SZ) and childhood adversity (CA) on psychosis outcomes was contingent on co-presence of affective dysregulation, defined as significant depressive symptoms, in (i) NEMESIS-2 (n = 6646), a representative general population sample, interviewed four times over nine years and (ii) EUGEI (n = 4068) a sample of patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorder, the siblings of these patients and controls.ResultsT…

The deficit syndrome in schizophrenic and nonschizophrenic patients: preliminary studies.

1995

One hundred and eighty-seven patients suffering from DSM-III-R schizophrenia, schizoaffective, schizophreniform (psychotic group), unipolar, bipolar and other disorders were interviewed 5 years after discharge. Deficiencies were assessed by means of the Schedule for Deficit Syndrome (SDS) and the Scale for Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS). Binocular thresholds for discomfort to high luminances (TDHL) were assessed in 17 patients with a deficit syndrome. Results suggest that patients with psychotic disorders are in a high-risk group for deficit syndrome. Nevertheless, 9-28% and 9-30% of the 'nonpsychotic' group according to the SANS and the SDS, respectively, showed primary enduring ne…

Effect of antipsychotic drugs on cortical thickness. A randomized controlled one-year follow-up study of haloperidol, risperidone and olanzapine.

2012

Abstract Background Imaging evidence indicates that brain alterations are primary to the full-blown onset of schizophrenia and seem to progress across time. The potential effects of antipsychotic medication on brain structure represent a key factor in understanding brain changes in psychosis. We aimed to investigate the effects of low doses of haloperidol, risperidone and olanzapine on cortical thickness. Method We investigated the effects of risperidone (N = 16), olanzapine (N = 18) and low doses of haloperidol (N = 18) in cortical thickness changes during 1-year follow-up period in a large and heterogeneous sample of schizophrenia spectrum patients. The relationship between cortical thick…

Loss Aversion and Risk Aversion in Non-Clinical Negative Symptoms and Hypomania

2020

In the field of behavioral decision-making, “loss aversion” is a behavioral phenomenon in which individuals show a higher sensitivity to potential losses than to gains. Conversely, “risk averse” individuals have an enhanced sensitivity/aversion to options with uncertain consequences. Here we examine whether hypomania or negative symptoms predict the degree of these choice biases. We chose to study these two symptom dimensions because they present a common theme across many syndromes with compromised decision-making. In our exploratory study, we employed a non-clinical sample to dissociate the hypomanic from negative symptom dimension regarding choice behavior. We randomly selected a sample …